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Cannon at the Cape Coast CastleCape Coast Castle (: Carolusborg) is one of about forty 'slave castles', or large commercial forts, built on the of West Africa (now ) by European traders. It was originally a 'feitoria' or, established in 1555. However in 1653 the constructed a timber fort there. It originally was a centre for the trade in. It was later used in the trans. Other include.

They were used to hold before they were loaded onto and sold in the, especially the. This 'gate of no return' was the last stop before crossing the Ocean. Cape Coast castleThe large quantity of found in was what primarily attracted, and many natives of Cape Coast used this to their advantage. In exchange for, their own people and other local items, the natives received, and many other items. The castle at Cape Coast was a market where these transactions took place.At the time were a valuable commodity in the and elsewhere, and slaves were the main traded in. Due to this, many changes were made to Cape Coast Castle.

One of the alterations was the addition of large underground that could hold as many as a thousand slaves awaiting. Many European nations flocked to Cape Coast in order to get a foothold in the. Business was very competitive and this led to conflict. This is the reason why the castle at Cape Coast changed hands many times during the course of its commercial history.Living conditions In Cape Coast Castle, the underground dungeon was a space of terror, death, and blackness. This stood as a direct juxtaposition to the European living quarters and commanding heights of whiteness above, who lived relatively luxuriously. The basement of this imposing fortress was often the last memory slaves had of their homeland before being shipped off across the Atlantic, as this signified the beginning of their journey. Building history The first fort established on the present site of Cape Coast Castle was built by for the.

Caerloff was a former employee of the who had risen to the rank of fiscal before employing himself with the latter company established. As a former high-ranking officer of the Dutch, Caerloff had the friendly relations with the local chiefs necessary to establish a trading post. In 1650, Caerloff succeeded in getting the permission of the King of to establish a fort at Cabo Corso (meaning 'short cape' in Portuguese, later corrupted to English Cape Coast). The first timber lodge was erected at the site in 1653 and named Carolusborg after King.Caerloff returned to Europe in 1655, leaving a Swede by the name of Johann Philipp von Krusenstjerna in charge of Carolusborg.

Louis de Geer had however died in the meantime, and Caerloff got himself involved in a serious dispute with his heirs. In Amsterdam, he convinced merchants to give a financial injection to the, for which he set sail to the Gold Coast in 1657, with the goal in mind to capture for Denmark the Swedish lodges and forts he had established himself. With the help of the Dutch, Caerloff succeeded in driving the Swedes out, leaving the Gold Coast on the captured ship Stockholm Slott, and with Von Krusenstjerna on board as a prisoner.Caerloff had left Samuel Smit, also a former employee of the Dutch West India Company, in charge of Carolusborg. The Dutch were able to convince Smit in 1659 of the rumour that Denmark had been conquered by Sweden, upon which Smit rejoined the Dutch West India Company, handing over all Danish possessions to the Dutch.

The King of Fetu was displeased with this, however, and prevented the Dutch from taking possession of the fort. A year later, the King decided to sell it to the Swedes. After the King died in 1663, the Dutch were finally able to occupy the fort.The Danes had in the meantime established another fort, (1661), just a few hundred metres east from Carolusborg. Although situated perfectly to launch an attack on Carolusborg, the English capture of Carolusborg (1664) during the prelude to the, prevented the Danes from challenging them; the English had reinforced the fort, which they named Cape Coast Castle, to such an extent that even Dutch Admiral deemed it impossible to conquer.

As the Dutch had captured the former English headquarters at Kormantin and had rebuilt it as, Cape Coast became the new capital of the English possessions on the Gold Coast.In 1689 the pirate was hanged at the Castle with a few of his crew, though he would not be the last pirate hanged at the fort. In 1722, the fort was the site where 54 men of the crew of the pirate were condemned to death, of whom 52 were hanged and two reprieved.has original text related to this article. In 1757, during the, a French naval squadron badly damaged and nearly captured Cape Coast Castle. This event was likely one of the most important reasons to entirely reconstruct the Castle, which was quite notorious for its collapsing walls and leaking roofs. In 1762, an extensive ending in a tower was built on the western side and in 1773, a high building along the north curtain was erected, during which the last remnants of the 17th-century fort were demolished. Greenhill Point, a bastion to the east of the castle, was replaced by two new bastions, with a sea gate in the middle.

To the south, two new bastions, named Grossle's Bastions, replaced an old round tower as the main defensive work. The tower, which now had no military use, was extended in 1790s with two stories, now becoming the governors' apartments. The space below Grossle's Bastions was used as the new slave dungeons. Notable governors. Main article:In 1824 the British governor, was defeated by the army, committed suicide, and his skull was taken back to the Asante capital where it was reportedly used as a drinking cup. Was governor of Cape Coast Castle from 1830 until 1844.

In October 1836 he met the poet at a dinner party while on a visit to the UK. They married and traveled back to Cape Coast Castle where, within two months, Landon died of heart failure. Both George and Letitia are buried in the castle courtyard.Maclean was charged with putting an end to slave trading and did so along 300 km (200 mi) of the West African coast. He also made peace with the Ashanti (Treaty of 1831), instituted a judicial system still in use in many African democracies, and encouraged successful and fair trading. From 1846-1850, Governor was also active in ending the slave trade. He died in the Fortress.Restoration The castle, or castle and dungeon, to give it its official name, was first restored in the 1920s by the British Public Works Department.In 1957, when Ghana became independent, the castle came under the care of the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board (GMMB). In the early 1990s the building was restored by the Ghanaian Government, with funds from the (UNDP), (USAID), with technical assistance from the and other.The Cape Coast Castle, and other forts and castles in Ghana, are included on the (UNESCO) World Heritage List.

Inside the dungeon of Cape Coast Castle, where hundreds of slaves were held in cramped conditions before being transferred to boats bound for the western hemisphere Cultural references by makes frequent references to the Castle. The contrast in living conditions between the Europeans living above and the slaves living below are highlighted in the individual stories of two half-sisters, Effia and Esi, during their time at the castle. While Effia lives in luxury, Esi suffers in the squalid living conditions in the dungeons below unbeknownst to her half-sister.

3D documentation with terrestrial laser scanning In 2015, the documented Cape Coast Castle with terrestrial. The non-profit research group specialises in 3D. The data generated by the Zamani Project creates a permanent record that can be used for research, education, restoration, and conservation. A 3D model and a panorama tour, of Cape Coast Castle are available on.

An animation of the 3D model is available.See also. Town of, Ghana., Cape Coast, Ghana.References.

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